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CentOS 7部署Memcached缓存服务器
时间 : 2023-01-12 09:42:03 编辑 : 华纳云 阅读量 : 337

  1.简介
  1.1Memcached
  Memcached是一款开源的、高性能的纯内存缓存服务软件。MySQL数据库属于磁盘上的数据库,数据的读写较慢;而Memcached数据库属于内存中的数据库,读写速度快,但数据容易丢失。Memcached天生不支持分布式集群,只能通过程序支持分布式存储。使用Memcached数据库,提高用户访问网站速度,降低MySQL数据库服务器压力,提高网站的并发访问,因此工作中,MySQL+Memcached搭配使用。
  1.2Memcached工作过程
  2.系统环境准备

  [root@cache01 ~]# cat /etc/re
  RedHat-release  resolv.conf   
  [root@cache01 ~]# cat /etc/re
  redhat-release  resolv.conf   
  [root@cache01 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
  CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)
  [root@cache01 ~]# uname -r
  3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64
  [root@cache01 ~]# getenforce
  Disabled
  [root@cache01 ~]# systemctl status firewalld.service
  ● firewalld.service – firewalld – dynamic firewall daemon
    Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
    Active: inactive (dead)
  [root@cache01 ~]# ifconfig
  eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
          inet 10.0.0.21  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 10.0.0.255
          inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fee1:ad7  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
          ether 00:0c:29:e1:0a:d7  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
          RX packets 3228  bytes 815585 (796.4 KiB)
          RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
          TX packets 419  bytes 52728 (51.4 KiB)
          TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
  eth1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
          inet 172.16.1.21  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 172.16.1.255
          inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fee1:ae1  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
          ether 00:0c:29:e1:0a:e1  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
          RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
          RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
          TX packets 23  bytes 1698 (1.6 KiB)
          TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
  lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
          inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
          inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
          loop  txqueuelen 0  (Local Loopback)
          RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
          RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
          TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
          TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

       3.服务端部署Memcached服务
  3.1安装memcached

  [root@cache01 ~]# yum install -y memcached

        3.2启动memcached服务

  [root@cache01 ~]# systemctl start memcached.service

        3.3测试

  [root@cache01 ~]# printf “set fengfyu 0 0 5\r\n12345\r\n”|nc 10.0.0.21 11211      —写入数据
  STORED
  [root@cache01 ~]# printf “get fengfyu 0 0 5\r\n12345\r\n”|nc 10.0.0.21 11211    —读取数据
  VALUE fengfyu 0 5
  12345
  END
  ERROR

        4.web服务器客户端部署memcached
  4.1编译安装memcached

  [root@web01 tools]# tar xf memcache-2.2.5.tgz
  [root@web01 tools]# cd memcache-2.2.5/
  [root@web01 memcache-2.2.5]# /application/php/bin/ph
  [root@web01 memcache-2.2.5]# /application/php/bin/phpize
  Configuring for:
  PHP Api Version:        20121113
  Zend Module Api No:      20121212
  Zend Extension Api No:  220121212
  [root@web01 memcache-2.2.5]# ./configure –enable-memcache –with-php-config=/application/php/bin/php-config –with-zlib-dir && make && make install

       4.2使php与memcached关联

  sed -i ‘$a extension=memcache.so’ /application/php/lib/php.ini

       4.3启动php

  /application/php/sbin/php-fpm

       4.4客户端测试

  [root@web01 www]# cat /application/nginx/html/www/mc.php
  <?php
  $memcache = new Memcache;
  $memcache->connect(‘10.0.0.21’, 11211) or die (“Could not connect”);
  $memcache->set(‘fengyu’, ‘hello,world’);
  $get_value = $memcache->get(‘fengyu’);
  echo $get_value;
  ?>
  [root@web01 www]# printf “get fengyu\r\n”|nc 10.0.0.21 11211
  VALUE fengyu 0 11
  hello,world
  END

       5.web界面管理maceched
  5.1解压memadmin包到/application/nginx/html/www/目录

  [root@web01 tools]#  tar xf memadmin-1.0.12.tar.gz -C /application/nginx/html/www/

       5.2浏览器访问
  http://10.0.0.7/memadmin
  6.Memcached Session共享
  6.1通过程序实现,web01只需要往memcahce写session,web02从memcahce读session,当作普通数据读写(更具有通用性)
  6.1通过php的配置文件,php默认将session存储在文件中,修改为存储在memcached中

  sed -i ‘s#session.save_handler = files#session.save_handler = memcache#;$a session.save_path = “tcp://10.0.0.21:11211″‘ /application/php/lib/php.ini
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